Turns out there is a Chinese expression very similar to it.
A while ago I came across the Chinese expression 好久不見 (haojiu bujian). The characters mean “good/very”, “long time”, “not” and “see” respectively and it struck me that it was pretty similar to the English expression “long time no see”!
In fact, looking at the “long time no see” Wikipedia entry, this similarity is mentioned, though it’s unclear if that is actually its origin or not. The Wiktionary entry for 好久不見 also has it as the given translation.
Also, as a bonus, I noticed it at 08:00 in this Breath of the Wild let’s play video, when she takes her horse out from the stable:
Adventures in Language Self-Study 